Private well owners are being reminded of the importance of regular water testing and maintenance to ensure their drinking water is safe.
Groundwater, which supplies most private wells, originates from surface water and precipitation such as rain and melting snow. Over time — from days to thousands of years — this water seeps through the earth and collects in underground layers known as aquifers.
While it’s difficult to predict the direction of groundwater flow from surface features, water near a pumping well is generally drawn toward it. That makes wells particularly vulnerable to nearby contaminants, some of which can travel several kilometres underground.
“Regular well water testing is important to ensure that the drinking water of rural residents is free of contaminants and harmful bacteria,” said Justin Reid, district manager of the Redboine Watershed District.
Surface spills, such as fuel leaks, can infiltrate the soil and contaminate groundwater. The risk is higher in areas with coarse soils or fractured bedrock, which allow easier movement of water and pollutants. Leaking fuel tanks or failing septic systems also pose serious contamination threats.
“One of the most common misconceptions is that a test from years ago is still valid because nothing has changed above ground at the well location,” Reid said. “Underground changes to groundwater patterns can affect the quality of well water. Contamination can occur from sources that are far away from the actual well site.”
Routine testing helps detect contaminants such as bacteria, heavy metals, and chemicals before they pose health risks. Regular checks are especially important for vulnerable groups such as infants, pregnant women, and people with weakened immune systems.
“It’s recommended to test your well water at least once per year,” Reid added. “Shifting groundwater flows can affect well water quality, so regular testing is important.”
In addition to testing, there are simple steps well owners can take to prevent contamination.
“Two very simple steps well owners can take are regular inspections of their wellhead to check for damage to the cribbing or well cap, and removing sources of contamination from around the well head,” said Reid. “Things like grass clippings, leaves and other debris can find their way down wells and cause issues, as well as attract insects or small animals that may fall into the well.”
To support landowners, the Pembina Valley Watershed District (PVWD), Redboine Watershed District (RBWD), and Central Assiniboine Watershed District (CAWD) are jointly offering a well water testing program.
Testing kits will be available for pickup, and water samples can be dropped off Tuesday, June 10, and Wednesday, June 25 at designated locations in each district. While landowners are responsible for the cost of the lab test, the districts will transport samples to a Winnipeg lab at no additional charge.
